In the past, Type 2 Diabetes was only diagnosed in adults.  Until recently, it was believed children could not get Type 2 Diabetes.  We now know that children can develop Type 2 Diabetes.  It most often develops in children during puberty or adolescence.   

There are several risk factors for getting Type 2 Diabetes as a child.  If identified early some of these risk factors can be changed (such as diet and physical activity level).  This may prevent a child from developing Type 2 Diabetes or may delay its onset for many years.

Risk Factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes:

These are only risk factors.  Risk factors do not mean a child has or will develop Type 2 Diabetes.

• Being overweight or obese
• Not getting enough physical exercise
• Eating large amounts of sugary foods and drinks
• Having family members who have Insulin Resistance, Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Diabetes
• Being of African-American, Hispanic, Native American or Japanese heritage
• Having a high fasting insulin level
• Having Acanthosis Nigricans – dark, thick, rough skin around the neck that isn’t dirt or won’t wash away (This can also be seen in the underarm and groin area.  Check with your child’s doctor regarding the possible use of topical medication and/or moisturizers to smooth or lighten the affected area.)

True Type 2 Diabetes:

• Special testing (blood work) must be done to diagnose a child with Type 2 Diabetes.  Risk factors cannot diagnose a child as having Type 2 Diabetes.
• If you are concerned that your child may be at risk for developing Type 2 Diabetes, talk with your child’s doctor or nurse practitioner.

Things that help reduce your child’s risk for Type 2 Diabetes:

• Exercise and other physical activities
• Decreasing the amount of “screen” time – TV, computer, video games
• Healthy eating – eating a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, meats and whole grains. 
• Decreasing the amounts of high sugar foods and drinks
• Weight loss – if overweight and obese